Lesson 32

Lesson 32: Simple Machines

Learning Objective

Understanding simple machines

Syllabus Correlations

· Theme: Investigating Technology

· Learning Area: Machine

· Learning Objective: Understanding simple machines

Learning Outcomes:

Pupils should be able to:

· explain what simple machine is

· state types of simple machines

· give an example for each type of simple machine

Concept(s) Introduced:

· what simple machine is and its types;

· give an example for each type of simple machine.

Skills Covered:

· Observing, classifying, making inferences, interpreting data, making conclusions, comparing and contrasting.

Vocabulary/ New Words:

device, fulcrum, gear, inclined plane, load, machine, pulley, screw, simple machine, wedge, wheel and axle

Value(s) Incorporated:

· Having an interest in and curiosity about the environment.

· Being diligent and persevering.

· Realising that science is a means to understand nature.

· Thinking rationally

· Analysing the things around us

Materials Needed:

-

Point(s) to Note:

Explain what simple machine is as well as the types and examples.

Teaching Strategies
Set Induction	Show the videos of a forklift lifting a load and a man pushing a trolley. Ask pupils why these jobs are easier and faster. Teacher explains that machines save time and energy. Component: Introduction
Step 1	Play the content component. Ask pupils what a simple machine is and its benefits. Teacher explains that simple machine is a device or tool that helps work to be done easily. Simple machine allows less force to be used. Play the content component. Show the video and ask pupils whether it is easy or difficult to open a lid with hands. Ask pupils to suggest of ways to open the lid easier. Teacher explains that a spoon is a simple machine. Play the content component. Ask pupils on examples of simple machines. Teacher explains that there are seven types of simple machines. Ask pupils whether they know how each simple machine works. Play the content component. Teacher introduces what wheel and axle is. Ask pupils whether they have seen a person replacing a tyre and what are being used. Explain that the spanner behaves like a wheel and the metal rod as the axle. Ask pupils for further examples of a wheel and axle system. Play the content component. Teacher introduces what gear is. Explain how gears work. Ask pupils where gears can be found. Teacher explains further using a bicycle as the example. Ask pupils for other examples where gears are found. Play the content component. Introduce what a lever is. Ask pupils to identify the parts which represent the fulcrum, load and effort. Teacher explains the use of lever. Ask pupils to provide examples where levers are used. Play the content component. Introduce what an inclined plane is. Teacher explains the benefit of using inclined planes. Ask pupils what objects use inclined planes. Play the content component. Teacher introduces what a wedge is. Teacher describes how a wedge looks like. Ask pupils for examples where wedges are used. Play the content component. Introduce what a screw is. Teacher describes how a screw looks like. Ask pupils how the force and load move. Explain what the use of a screw is. Play the content component. Introduce what a pulley is. Ask pupils what is a groove. Teacher explains how pulleys are useful. Ask pupils to name examples of pulleys used in objects. Component: Content
Step 2	Play the activity component. Ask pupils to drag and drop the types of simple machines to the correct images. Tell pupils to observe the images well to make the correct match. Component: Activity
Step 3	There are five questions in this component covering the learning outcomes. Questions 1 to 3 are objective questions. Q4 is a drag and drop activity. Pupils drag and drop the correct answers for the questions. Q5 consists of true or false questions. Pupils need to identify whether the statements are true or false. Use evaluation sheets to assess the pupils’ understanding of this lesson. Component: Evaluation
Step 4	A case study on inclined plane. Teacher explains what this simple machine consists and its use. Ask pupils for an example of an inclined plane being used. Teacher further explains how an inclined plane works with reference to a see-saw. Component: Extension
Conclusion	Conclude the lesson by playing this component to further reinforce understanding of the lesson. Help pupils to know the types of simple machines. Emphasise how each type of simple machine differs. Component : Summary